Traumatismos e inmunidad celular según el índice predictivo TRISS

introduction: injuries from severe traumata are a constant threat for subject acquiring a particular interest since generally they affect to young and healthy persons in a complete productive ability. objective: to assess the behavior in time of components of the cellular immunity in trauma patients in general, in those underwent complications and in those deceased, ant its relation to survival probability (sp) according the "trauma injury severity score" (triss) predictive index. methods: a prospective study was conducted in 70 trauma patients with "injury severity score" values higher to 8, admitted in the "dr. luis díaz soto" central military hospital over two years. immunity studies were conducted during the first 24 hours, at three days and at 7 days. the statistic methods including main components analysis, agglomerative cluster analysis classification, which stratified the sample according to sp in group sp< 80 %, between 80 and 95 % and sp> 95 %; test of pearson's correlation; logistic regression test, contingence table analysis and diagnostic discrimination, according to the sensitivity, specificity, prevalence concepts and the predictive values of positive and negative tests. results: there were very frequent infectious complications (47.9 %). the kinetic study of the cellular immunity confirmed a decrease at 72 hours of activity of phagocytosis of neutrophiles. it was noted a depression of components in complicated patients and in those after died, more marked at 72 hours and intensified at 7 days in this latter. according to sp reduction, also decreased the lymphocyte t activity (ra: p= 0.04; re: p= 0.02) and the phagocytosis ability of neutrophiles. the deficiency of cellular immune response was accompanied by a great incidence of complicated and deceased patients. conclusions: traumata are accompanied of cellular immunodepression and this is related to sp according to the triss predictive index.