Algunos factores de riesgo relacionados con el bajo peso al nacer

introduction: the birth weight is very important in the newborn (nb). objectives: to identify the risk factors related to the low birth weight of nb. methods: a case-control study was conducted in the "isidro de armas"polyclinic, playa municipality from january 1, 2003 to december 31, 2008. some variables were analyzed: mother age, obstetric backgrounds, inter-genetics period, and newborn with low birth weight in prior pregnancies, previous stillbirth, high blood pressure, multiple pregnancies, and diseases associated or typical of pregnancy. results:there was predominance of women aged between 30-34 with newborns with low birth weight (34.1 %); in control group prevailed the ages of 20-24 years. the study group had predominance of chronic arterial blood pressure (9.8 %), those with a prior low birth (9.8 %) and the short inter-genetics period (7.3 %); in the associated pathologies are included the cervicovaginal infection, anemia and asthma. in control group there was predominance of vaginal infection and anemia. in study group there was a fetal growth delay (12.1 %) and premature rupture of membrane, in control group most of them (95.1 %) there were not affections typical of pregnancy. most of births occurred between 32-36 weeks (48.8 %) and the newborn weight fluctuated between 2 000 and 2 499 g (85.4 %). conclusions: the major causes of intrauterine growth delay were: chronic high blood pressure, a prior history of low weight, short inter-genetics period, cervicovaginal infection and anemia.