Ca？utos y soplidos Tiempo y cultura en las zampo？as de las sociedades precolombinas de Arica

this article attempts an approach to the early presence of panpipes in the western valleys of the macrocultural region known as south central andes, on the basis of archaeological, ethnohistorical and ethnomusicological data on andean wind instruments gathered from the study of the archaeological collections stored and documented in the tarapacá university museum at san miguel de azapa. the article is focused on establishing the chronological and the cultural relations of these pre columbian panpipes along with determining the time of their appearance in the area and their evolution over a period of time.