Osteoporoza Uzrokovana Glukokortikoidima

Glucocorticoids are the most common cause of drug-induced osteoporosis. Given the widespread use of oral glucocorticoids in the treatment of autoimmune, pulmonary, gastrointestinal disorders and organ transplantation, attention to glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis has substantially increased. Bone loss occurs rapidly in the first few months of glucocorticoid therapy. Trabecular bone is affected more than cortical bone. Glucocorticoid treatment is associated with a substantially increased risk of fractures, particularly hip and vertebral fractures. The skeletal effects of glucocorticoids are both dose- and duration-dependent. The patophysiology of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis is a complex process, several mechanisms are proposed but not yet fully highlighted. Despite several evidence-based guidelines for the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and the availability of effective therapeutic options, the proportion of individuals with appropriate evaluation and treatment remains relatively low.