Urine Biomarkers Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) and Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1) have Different Patterns in Heart Failure Exacerbation

Individuals with acute heart failure exacerbation often experience a deterioration in renal function. We sought to determine whether this deterioration is ischemic in nature and detectable by sensitive urine biomarkers neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1). We measured serial biomarker levels and evaluated the associations of these biomarkers with renal recovery in a cohort of hospitalized patients with acute heart failure exacerbation.