Sleep patterns and the risk for ADHD: a review

tterns and the risk for ADHD: a review Review (2765) Total Article Views Authors: Cassoff J, Wiebe ST, Gruber R Published Date May 2012 Volume 2012:4 Pages 73 - 80 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S31269 Received: 28 February 2012 Accepted: 23 March 2012 Published: 29 May 2012 Jamie Cassoff,1,2 Sabrina T Wiebe,1,2 Reut Gruber1,2 1Attention, Behavior and Sleep Lab, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; 2McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada Abstract: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is often associated with comorbid sleep disturbances. Sleep disturbances may be a risk factor for development of the disorder, a symptom of the disorder, or a comorbid condition affected by a similar psychopathology. Various studies have examined the impact of sleep deprivation on the presence/exacerbation of ADHD symptomology, as well as longitudinal and concurrent associations between different sleep disturbances and ADHD, yet the notion of sleep disturbances as a predecessor to ADHD remains unclear. As such, this review examines the evidence for sleep disturbances as a risk factor for the development of ADHD, as well as the mechanisms underlying the association between sleep patterns and ADHD. Additionally, clinical implications regarding the comorbid nature of sleep disturbances and ADHD will be considered.