Dual-Frequency Microstrip Antenna for Wireless Applications and Effect on Fraud

The design of a microstrip patch antenna is reported which can be operated at GPS (Global Positioning System) and Bluetooth frequencies. Very small thin microstrip antenna is excited by a co-axial SMA connector to produce centre frequency of a Bluetooth system and then a thin parasitic microstrip patch is coupled with this patch to excite the centre frequency of GPS system. The simulated results using IE3D software are supported by measurement. Also, some effects of such antennas on fraud have been studied. Some of the frauds like Increase in Subscription Fraud, Unattended High Usage Fraud, Increase in Roaming Fraud have been described in this paper.