Evaluation of Nutritional Genomes Approach for Controlling of Disease in Shrimp Farming

Shrimp farming is an important industry but several infectious diseases have caused high economic losses all over the world. Until now, many pathogens that include viral, bacterial and fungal species have been identified which are affecting sustainable development of this industry. Therefore, research in terms of immunity is of primary concern to control disease and to ensure long-term survival of the shrimp culture industry. There is increasing evidence indicating that nutritional genomics represents a promise to improve marine health. This goal will be reached by highlighting the mechanisms through which diet can reduce the risk of monogenic and common polygenic diseases. Indeed, nutrition is a very relevant environmental factor involved in the development and progression of metabolic disorders as well as other kind of diseases. To date, it is widely accepted that most of the effects of the nutrition on shrimp diseases and in turn, on marine health cannot be easily explained without a complete knowledge of the molecular mechanism underlying the nutrients action. In particular, the evidence shows that understanding how nutrition affects the metabolic homeostasis, influencing different cellular metabolic pathways is a crucial event. The aim of this mini review is describe of pervious nutritional genomes researches of shrimp health and improvement of immune system response.