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N-Heterocyclic carbene–palladium catalysts for the direct arylation of pyrrole derivatives with aryl chloridesDOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.35 Keywords: aryl chlorides , atom-economy , C–H bond activation , C–H functionalization , carbenes , palladium , pyrroles Abstract: New Pd–NHC complexes have been synthesized and employed for palladium-catalyzed direct arylation of pyrrole derivatives by using electron-deficient aryl chlorides as coupling partners. The desired coupling products were obtained in moderate to good yields by using 1 mol % of these air-stable palladium complexes. This is an advantage compared to the procedures employing air-sensitive phosphines, which have been previously shown to promote the coupling of aryl chlorides with heteroarenes.
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