A Review of Thyroid Disorder Detection, Segmentation and Classification on Medical Images

Thyroid is a small butterfly shaped gland located in the front of the neck just below the Adams apple. Thyroid is one of the endocrine gland, which produces hormones that help the body to control metabolism. Different thyroid disorders include Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, goiter, and thyroid nodules (benign/malignant). Ultrasound imaging is most commonly used to detect and classify abnormalities of the thyroid gland. Other modalities (CT/MRI) are also used. Computer aided diagnosis (CAD) help radiologists and doctors to increase the diagnosis accuracy, reduce biopsy ratio and save their time and effort. Numerous researches have been carried out in thyroid medical images and that are utilized for the diagnosis process. In this paper, a broad review on the researches that are developed for the thyroid diagnosis using medical images is presented along with the classification. A short description about thyroid, thyroid diseases and thyroid diagnosis are also presented.