Energy-Efficient Cluster Based Routing Techniques: A Review

Wireless sensor networks consists of small low cost sensor nodes, having a limited transmission range and their processing, storage capabilities and energy resources are limited. These networks collect the information from nodes and transmit to base station for further processing. To perform routing in wireless sensor network with this limitation of low power, energy and storage capabilities is a major problem. Routing protocols are used for discovering and maintaining the routing in sensor networks. The most important consideration in designing protocols for WSN is the energy constraint of nodes due to limited power. Cluster based routing is capable to efficiently maintain the energy usage of sensor nodes by involving them in multi-hop communication within a particular cluster.This paper reviews some energy efficient clustering based protocols such as LEACH, PEGASIS, HEEP, TEEN in wireless sensor networks.