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Evaluation of the efficiency of the sewage treatment plant from the University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), RS, Brazil Avalia o da eficiência da esta o de tratamento de esgoto da Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), RS, Brasil

Keywords: esta o de tratamento de esgoto , qualidade do efluente tratado , Daphnia magna , Ceriodaphnia dubia , sewage treatment plant , quality of treated effluent , Daphnia magna , Ceriodaphnia dubia

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Abstract:

AIM: The main objective was to evaluate the efficiency of the sewage treatment plant (STP) of UNISC, through the ecotoxicological characterization and the analyses of the physical, chemical and microbiological variables from the raw and treated effluent. METHODS: Samples were collected during 2008 and 2009 for performing acute toxicity (Daphnia magna), chronic toxicity (Ceriodaphnia dubia), as well as the determination of environmental variables. RESULTS: The results indicated acute toxicity with an EC(I)50 48 hours average of 64.1 ± 9.9%, characterized as moderately toxic, and an average chronic toxicity CI(I)25 of 8,1 ± 2.6%, characterized as highly toxic. The total phosphorus (3.6 ± 1.4 mg L-1) and the ammonia nitrogen (77.8 ± 22.5 mg L-1) showed high concentration in the treated effluent, highlighting the STP inefficiency and, specially, the large amount of nutrients that the system is introducing into the receiving waterbody, the Lajeado Stream, condition that characterizes a large potential environmental impact known as eutrophication. The treated effluent showed high levels of thermotolerant coliforms, reaching an average of 6.4 × 10(5) ± 8.6 × 10(5) NMP 100 mL-1, corresponding to a potential pollution load of high impact in the receiving waterbody, characterizing therefore a public health problem. CONCLUSIONS: The Lajeado Stream has no supporting capacity for preventing acute and chronic effects on biota. OBJETIVO: O principal objetivo foi avaliar a eficiência da esta o de tratamento de efluentes (ETE) da UNISC, através da caracteriza o ecotoxicológica e de análises das variáveis físicas, químicas e microbiológicas do efluente bruto e tratado. MéTODOS: Amostras foram coletadas em 2008 e 2009, para a realiza o de ensaios de toxicidade aguda (Daphnia magna) e toxicidade cr nica (Ceriodaphnia dubia), além da determina o de variáveis ambientais. RESULTADOS: Os resultados indicaram toxicidade aguda, com uma CE(I)50 48 horas média de 64,1 ± 9,9%, caracterizada como medianamente tóxica, e uma toxicidade cr nica média CI(I)25 de 8,1 ± 2,6%, caracterizada como extremamente tóxica. As variáveis fósforo total (3,6 ± 1,4 mg L-1) e nitrogênio amoniacal (77,8 ± 22,5 mg L-1), apresentaram altas concentra es no efluente tratado demonstrando a ineficiência da ETE e, principalmente, o grande aporte de nutrientes que o sistema lan a ao corpo receptor, o Arroio Lajeado, condi o que caracteriza um grande impacto ambiental potencial conhecido como eutrofiza o. O efluente tratado apresentou índices elevados de coliformes termotolerantes, atingindo um valor médi

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