Localized Tension Produced by Combined Geometric Discontinuities Tensiones localizadas producidas por discontinuidades geométricas combinadas

Many mechanical components especially those in machinery and of steel structures are designed with various forms which may include section changes, holes, threaded parts, keyways or multiple discontinued geometrical elevations that produce localized stresses. Often, the over lapping of two or more discontinuities in the same section or in very close sections is observed and this over lapping makes it very difficult to determine the value of the localized tension.In this present work, ABAQUS software is applied to determine the increased localized tension insections having more than one geometric discontinuity and helpful elaborated graphs are developed for practical purposes in simple mechanical design. However, this analysis is limited to geometric discontinued structures with slots of macroscopic dimensions. First a test run is carried out using the software on already verified situations accepted in the given literature so as to validate the method, after which the software is applied to a Hub of combined generic geometric designs in flat, symmetrical and with axial loads pieces. It is shown that the software is relevant because it verifies those tested Kt values offered by the commonly recognized literature. Results of the combined discontinuities are then obtained and represented by means of a graph which in the future will be useful in mechanical design. It can be concluded that the available information in the literature about combined geometric concentrators is limited and in some cases incur doubts. Now, values for complex designs can be obtained as a result of the availability of these software tools. In addition, the making of graphics using the results obtained from the application of such software is more practical which in return has improved the efficiency of designs. Los componentes mecánicos, especialmente en máquinas y estructuras metálicas, se dise an con formas diversas que incluyen cambios de sección, agujeros, zonas roscadas, chaveteros y múltiples discontinuidades geométricas que producen elevaciones localizadas de las tensiones. En muchas oportunidades se presenta la superposición de dos o más discontinuidades en una misma sección o en secciones muy cercanas dificultando la determinación del valor de la tensión localizada. En el presente trabajo se aplica el software ABAQUS a la determinación del incremento localizado de tensiones en secciones con más de una discontinuidad geométrica. Se elaboran gráficos de utilización simple a los fines prácticos del dise o mecánico. El análisis de casos se limita a cuerpos con discontinuidades