De-metaphorizing and becoming animal: when the animal looks back. A reading of Marian Engel’s Bear = Desmetaforizando e tornando-se animal: quando o animal retorna o olhar. Uma leitura do romance Bear, de Marian Engel

The primacy acquired by nature in our current culture has given way to several issues not strictly connected with an immediate and ‘purely’ ecological interest: there is rather the need to question how we conceive the animal with a focus on the possibility to transcend Western cultural heritage. When trying to give a literary representation of the animal, it is particularly important to adopt some measures which, following the trajectory of a genuine, positive ‘becoming-animal’, will safeguard its independence and avoid reducing it to metaphorically anthropomorphic representations. This essay intends to underline how, from this viewpoint, a few novels coming from the post-colonial area, where animal tales often show how interwoven humans and animals are and how they are constructed in relation to each other supply interesting case studies. My interest focuses particularly on Canadian Marian Engel’s Bear, where the writer tries to deal with unspeakable subjects between a woman and a bear: through an act of radical approach to its physical reality, the former comes first to recognize the latter, and then to accept its Otherness. On its side, the bear seemingly ‘shows’ a post-colonial attitude subversively resisting a typically Western anthropomorphic allegorization. Holding fast to itself and its animality, choosing in a way to ‘stay mute’, the bear keeps the role of a ‘perceptivecatalyst’, ‘thought-producing’ and thus ‘world-changing’, according to an aesthetics of perception suggesting that the animal gaze might be the best perspective from which to observe not only our world, but especially our own selves. Uma leitura do romance Bear, de Marian Engel. A primazia adquirida pela natureza sobre a acultura em nossos dias abriu o caminho para vários problemas n o exatamente ligados a interesses imediatos ou puramente ecológicos. Pode-se perguntar como poderemos conceber oanimal tendo como foco a possibilidade de transcender a heran a cultural ocidental. Quando tenta-se dar uma representa o literária ao animal, é extremamente importante adotar certas medidas as quais, seguindo uma trajetória como tornar-se animal de maneira genuína edeterminada, garantirá sua independência e evitará reduzi-lo a representa es metaforicamente antropomórficas. Este artigo destaca como, a partir deste ponto de vista, alguns romances inscritos pelo pós-colonialismo, em que fábulas de animais frequentemente mostram a maneira das intera es entre homens e animais e como elas s o construídas em rela o umas com as outras, propiciando casos interessantes. O principal interesse aqui