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Polimeri  2013 

Akrilatni polimeri u dentalnoj protetici: Procesi razgradnje / Acrylate polymers in dental prosthetics: Degradation processes

Keywords: akrilatni polimeri , poli(metil-metakrilat) , protetski nadomjesci , razgradnja polimera / acrylate polymers , dental prosthetics , polymer degradation , poly(methyl methacrylate)

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Abstract:

Rad je pregled novijih rezultata u podru ju razgradnje akrilatnih polimera, prije svega na temelju metil-metakrilata, koji se primjenjuju u stomatolo koj praksi. Opisani su procesi razgradnje i starenja polimera tijekom uporabe protetskih nadomjestaka, i to biorazgradnja, toplinska razgradnja, razgradnja potaknuta zra enjem i mehani kim djelovanjem. Raspravljen je utjecaj razgradnje na promjenu strukture polimera, molekulnu masu i izlu ivanje produkata razgradnje u usnu upljinu. Pri tome dolazi do promjene svojstava polimera, a niskomolekulni spojevi nastali razgradnjom mogu utjecati na zdravlje pacijenta. Raspravljeni su najnoviji rezultati utjecaja malih doza γ zra enja na strukturne promjene metakrilatnih nadomjestaka u pacijenata podvrgnutih radioterapiji. / This paper reviews the recent results in the fi eld of acrylate polymers degradation with emphasis on the poly(methyl methacrylate) used in the prosthetic dentistry. It describes the degradation procesess including biodegradation, thermal degradation, degradation induced by irradiation and mechanically induced changes in dental polymers during their application. The paper considers the infl uence of degradation on the structural changes of polymers, molecular mass and release of low molecular degradation by-products in the oral cavity. As a result of degradation polymer properties are altered, while the low molecular substances may affect the patient’s health. There is also discussion about the latest fi ndings of structural changes of methacrylate denture base materials induced by very low doses of γ-irradiation performed on the patients exposed to radiotherapy.

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