Physical activity as a part of overweight and obesity treatment [Pohybová aktivita jako sou ást lé ení nadváhy a obesity]

BACKGROUND: Apart from pharmacotherapy, also a combination of physical activity (PA), diet, and cognitive-behavioral therapy is recommended for obesity treatment. OBJECTIVE: This research study verified the effectiveness of the recommended complex intervention in treating overweight and obesity via an evaluation of changes in anthropometric indicators. METHODS: The intervention included a guided physical activity, a diet and cognitive-behavioural therapy. PA was realized via endurance exercise with guided exercise intensity (machine exercise, Nordic walking and group aerobic exercise) and via resistance training. Included in the study were 328 patients (233 women and 95 men) aged 19 - 79 years, undergoing a treatment stay focused on weight reduction in the Dolní Lipová Spa. The length of the stay varied between 6 to 49 days, which is 21 days on average. Anthropometric indexes from bio-impedance measuring were monitored, as well as the volume of PA via sport-testers in minutes and via pedometers in steps. RESULTS: The multifrequency bio-impedance analysis proved a significant loss of overall weight of 6.18 kg in men and 4.28 kg in women, body fat reduction of 4.50 kg in men and 3.52 kg in women and a reduction of the visceral fat of 13.42 cm2 in men and 10.41 cm2 in women. A relationship was demonstrated between the volume of guided PA and a reduction of the fat weight and the visceral fat amount. For women, the relationship between fat reduction and the volume of PA within the training heart rate (HRt) is stronger, while for men, the reduction of fat depends more on the overall volume of PA while exercising with a focus on reaching the HRt. Another relationship was demonstrated between the volume of habitual PA a reduction of their fat's weight and their visceral fat amount. CONCLUSIONS: Complex intervention positively influenced the patients' health by reducing their overall weight and the weight of their fat. Guided PA within theit HRt has proven to be connected with changes in anthropometric indicators. [VYCHODISKA: Pro lé bu obezity je vedle farmakoterapie doporu ovaná také kombinace pohybové aktivity (PA), diety a kognitivně-behaviorální terapie. CíLE: Vyzkumná studie ově ovala efektivitu doporu ované komplexní intervence v lé bě nadváhy a obezity prost ednictvím vyhodnocení změn antropometrickych ukazatel . METODIKA: Intervence zahrnovala ízenou pohybovou aktivitu, dietu a kognitivně-behaviorální terapii. PA byla realizována formou vytrvalostního cvi ení s ízenou intenzitou zatí ení (cvi ení na p ístrojích, severská ch ze a skupinové aerobní cvi