Chemical and bio-chemical studies of new varieties of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) PBNS-12 and PBNS-40 seeds

. Seeds of new safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) variety (PBNS-12 and PBNS-40) wereanalyzed for contents of moisture, crude fiber, lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, minerals, energy, toxiccompounds (such as cyanogenic glucoside, tannins and oxalates) and nutritive value. In addition,detailed studies were conducted on the fatty acid composition, protein solubility, and amino acidprofile. The results of chemical composition showed that moisture percentage ranged between 6.326 –7.396 %, crude fibre 0.488 – 1.196 %, total lipid 25.699 – 28.989 %, crude protein 15.91 – 16.14 %,total carbohydrate 45.56 – 48.93 %, ash 3.495 – 3.497, calcium 0.092 – 0.122 %, phosphorus 0.15 –0.41 %, and energy 490.651 – 507.701 Kcal/100g. Lipid analyses revealed that PBNS-40 variety hashigher levels of unsaturated fatty acids (20.62 %) and PBNS-12 variety has higher levels of saturatedfatty acids (3.41 %). Amino acid analyses revealed that PBNS-12 and PBNS-40 have higher level ofarginine 1.599 % and 1.665 % respectively. The maximum seed proteins of PBNS-12 and PBNS-40were extracted at pH 12 (9.29 and 9.6 respectively). The toxic factors showed that cyanogenicglucoside, tannins and oxalate content are ranged between 3.458 – 3.730 HCN/100g, 0.511 – 0.530%, 0.079 – 0.085 % respectively. Haemagglutinin activity and trypsin inhibition was not found inthese varieties. The nutritive values were determined for feed utilization average ranged between5.722 – 5.941%, nitrogen utilization 0.2508 – 0.2571%, protein efficiency ratio (PER) 1.496 – 1.509%and feed efficiency ratio (FER) 0.364 – 0.365% respectively. Based on the data related to nutritive andtoxic composition of seeds it appears that both hybrids can be good source of nutrient and energyneeds for animal nutrition with little dangers for toxicity.