Essential Oil Composition and Antimicrobial Activities of Tanacetum chiliophyllum (Fisch. & Mey.) Schultz Bip. var. monocephalum Grierson from Turkey

Water-distilled essential oils from aerial parts of Tanacetum chiliophyllum (Fisch. & Mey.) Schultz Bip. var. monocephalum Grierson from Turkey were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The flower and stem oils were characterized by camphor (17.3%, 10.4%), 1,8-cineole (8.3%, 2.5%) and unknown compounds M + 218 (6.6%, 10.4%), M + 220 (Stem: 9.2%). Root oil was characterized with hexadecanoic acid (37.5%), alismol (6.3%), geranyl isovalerate (5.3%). Antibacterial activity of the flower and stem oils were evaluated on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter aerogenes, Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus epidermis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, and Meticillin resistant S. aureus microorganisms by using a micro-dilution assay. Flower oil inhibited the growth of Bacillus cereus with the MIC 62.5 μg/mL which was 2 fold less concentration than the positive control chloramphenicol. Both flower and stem oils showed relative toxicity to Vibrio fischeri in the TLC- bioluminescence assay.