Compensación de la potencia reactiva en sistemas de baja tensión mediante bancos de condensadores fijos, utilizando algoritmos genéticos

The energy efficiency of an electric system depends in great measure of the reactive power compensationthat it is carried out. One of the roads more employees are the use of capacitors banks.A good selection of these, presupposes three aspects: the selection of the banks capacity, thecompensator type to use, as well as the location in the low voltage system.References of methods thatconsider the three aspects in a same problem are based on the mathematical programming, but thesecannot represent all the effects of the compensation and these based in technical of continuousprogramming, being this a complex optimization problem of discreet search space.In the paper, we havedeveloped a method with the employment of the genetic algorithms, which facilitates a more exact problemformulation. The method has been programmed in MATLAB, version 7.5 (R2007b), using programmingstructures of Genetic Algorithm and Direct Search Toolbox.The effectiveness is shown in an example ofreal application to the low voltage system of a hotel installation of the Cubanacan Company in Camagüey.