Atatürk and the University Reform (1933)

Darülfünun, which was the first and unique higher education institute during the Ottoman period and the first ten years of Turkish Republic, had a conservative character against a revolutionist society. In the opinion of some governers and scientists at that time, Darülfünun produced graduates without notion, critisism and interogation, and remained insensitive to country's problems. Based on the report by invited Swiss Professor Albert Malche and by Atatürk's order, the first higher education reform was made. The 2252 Code aimed at building up a modern university was introduced in 1933. In accordance with Malche's report and Atatürk's reform, European model of administration and education was accepted in Turkish universities.