The Study of Environmental Crisis and Local Distribution of Green Space in Tehran City

Extended abstract1-IntroductionUncontrolled development of large cities due to the increase in population and migration has led to a massive environmental destruction and pollution, and the latter has destroyed green spaces within the city and changed the land use. Therefore, the need for green space and connection with nature has an important role in human life. The best way to reduce the destructive effects of environmental hazards is the development of green space. Due to its wide range of functions, green area plays dominant roles in urban landscaping, air refreshing, reducing air contaminations and controlling uncontrolled construction development. There are several reports to prove the idea that green areas, especially in condensed urban regions are of great importance for public health, performance increase and better quality of life. Provision of green area per capita is one of the most important issues in national development.2-Theoretical basesHistory of human-nature relation may be divided into four stages: 1- human lived in harmony with nature; 2- human improved his control over the nature; 3- human started to destroy nature by the power of technology and industry; and 4- human begins realized that they have responsibilities and need to preserve the nature. We live in the fourth stage and development of green area is one our measures and age long interests. Development of green area started in Iran in 1950s by opening “national garden” in Tehran, which later renamed “City park”. Parks, gardens and garden houses with European style have emerged in Iran since 1970s. Parks and green area are the main factors in the improvement of security and solidarity in cities. However, urban life issues, security issues, and unsuitable spaces design for specific age group and genders are some of the factors which make citizen reluctant to use the spaces. In some districts in Tehran city, there is no relation between population density and green area per capita. As a result, population density and economic factors have tacked quality of life and mental and spiritual health of the citizens. This is to say that knowledge about quality and quantity of such spaces for each district is an important factor in urban planning. The main concern regarding living environment is lack of natural air ventilation, stability of contaminant elements, arid weather and dusts, noise pollution, lack of enough leisure facilities, ugly face of city, and damages to natural ecosystems. In this regard, development of green areas and planting trees are promising solutions.3-DiscussionT