Parametric analysis of a novel semi-circular microfluidic CD-ELISA valve

The current method for biomedical examination tests requires a faster analyzing and determination process. Having the testing samples and testing solutions in smaller scales has become the solution. The principle of ELISA is to show the existence of a particular protein through the specificity of the bond between antigen (i.e. protein) and antibody, demonstrated by a color-change or luminescence reaction with an enzyme [1-3].Highly specific antibody reactions and magnifying functionality have been widely used in biomedical testing, environmental analysis, and biotechnology research. Conventionally, an antibody with specificity to the expressed protein that targets foreign transformed genes is produced first during the ELISA detection process. This antibody is referred to as the first order antibody (or detection antibody). During the detection process, the body fluid protein to be detected is first placed on a membrane which prevents non-specific antibody binding. The first order antibody is added to detect and capture the specific protein. The second order antibody (or enzyme-labeled antibody) is then added. This second order antibody is linked with an enzyme and has specificity to the first order antibody. The specific linkage produced by the second order antibody and the first order antibody carries the enzyme to the location of the protein, and the enzyme substrate is added. After a period of time, the enzyme catalyzes the substrate causing reactions involving color changes or luminescence. Finally, the existence of the specific protein is confirmed if residual color changes or emissions remain at specific locations on the membrane [3,4].This conventional method involves excessive numbers of procedures, and each procedure requires separate execution, which significantly lengthens the detection time. CD-ELISA is an ELISA process based on a compact disk. The main principle in this process is to design and construct various microfluidic channels on a blank CD. Test