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Effects of the interannual variations in the flood pulse mediated by hypoxia tolerance: the case of the fish assemblages in the upper Paraná River floodplain

Keywords: Dissolved oxygen , Duration of floods , Lakes and rivers , Neotropical , Water transparency

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Abstract:

The effects of the duration of the floods on abiotic variables and attributes of species tolerant and intolerant to hypoxia (STH and SIH respectively) were evaluated in rivers and lakes of the upper Paraná River. Fish were sampled once a year, in six sampling stations, during the high water period from 2000 to 2003. There were overall reductions in dissolved oxygen levels and increases in transparency of water in lakes in years of moderate floods. The duration of floods influenced species differentially based on their tolerance to hypoxia: in moderate floods, richness of STH increased and numerical abundance and biomass of SIH reduced significantly. Opposite relationships were detected between dissolved oxygen and the attributes of STH and SIH. Dissolved oxygen was the best predictor of variability of STH and SIH in years of moderate floods, whereas water transparency predicted significant amounts of STH in years of short floods. Being positively affected by dissolved oxygen reductions, STH seem to take advantages in persisting in seasonally harsh lentic habitats. The incorporation of abiotic data as well the differential tolerance of species to hypoxia would improve further investigations of the effects of interannual variations in the flood pulse on tropical fish assemblages Os efeitos da dura o da cheia sobre algumas variáveis abióticas e atributos das assembleias de peixes (espécies tolerantes e intolerantes à hipóxia, STH e SIH, respectivamente) foram avaliados em rios e lagoas do alto rio Paraná. Os peixes foram amostrados uma vez ao ano, em seis localidades, durante o período de águas altas entre 2000 e 2003. Houve redu es generalizadas nos níveis de oxigênio dissolvido e aumentos na transparência da água em lagos em anos de cheias moderadas. A dura o das cheias influenciou as espécies diferencialmente em fun o de sua tolerancia à hipóxia: em anos de cheias moderadas, a riqueza das STH aumentou e a abundancia numérica e de biomassa das SIH reduziram significativamente. Rela es opostas foram detectadas entre o oxigênio dissolvido e os atributos das STH e SIH. O oxigênio dissolvido foi o melhor preditor da variabilidade de STH e SIH em anos de cheias moderadas, enquanto a transparência da água explicou uma significativa propor o das STH em anos de cheias curtas. Por serem positivamente afetadas pelas redu es no oxigênio dissolvido, as STH parecem ter vantagens em persistir em ambientes lênticos sazonalmente inóspitos. A incorpora o de dados abióticos bem como da tolerancia diferencial das espécies à hipóxia deve aprimorar as investiga es d

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