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Modulation of brain apolipoprotein E levels by the low-density lipoprotein receptorKeywords: Apolipoprotein E , apoE , low-density lipoprotein receptor , LDL-r , very low density lipoprotein receptor , VLDL-r , LDL receptor related protein , LRP , receptor-associated protein , RAP , amyloid precursor protein , APP , amyloid beta protein , knockout mice , transgenic mice , astrocyte , apoER2/LRP8 , LDL-r related protein , LRP receptor , glycoprotein 330 , gp330/megalin , high-density lipoprotein , HDL , Chinese hamster ovary , CHO , Alzheimer , Abeta , Ab , Alzheimer's disease , neurodegeneration , Abstract: Apolipoprotein E (apoE) in the brain is implicated in Alzheimer disease (AD) risk, lipid metabolism, neural development, and response to injury. The effects of apoE are mediated by receptors of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-r) family. Recent studies in cell culture and LDL-r knockout mice suggest that LDL-r is the major receptor influencing brain apoE levels. Many factors affect the receptor binding characteristics of apoE, including the apoE isoform and the lipid content of apoE-containing lipoprotein particles. Clarifying the specific apoE receptors involved in the diverse actions of apoE in the central nervous system can identify therapeutic targets to modify the risk of AD associated with the APOE e4 allele and hypercholesterolemia.
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