Apoptosis inhibition or inflammation: the role of NAIP protein expression in Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas compared to non-neoplastic lymph node

In this study, we examined NAIP protein expression in 101 Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded blocks including samples from 39 Hodgkin Lymphoma and 23 Non Hodgkin Lymphoma cases in comparison with 39 control samples (30 normal and 9 Reactive Lymphoid Hyperplasia (RLH) lymph nodes) using semi-quantitative immuno-flourecent Staining.NAIP expression was not statistically different in lymphoma samples neither in HL nor in NHL cases comparing to normal samples. However, we evaluated NAIP expression in normal and RLH lymph nodes. Surprisingly, we have found a statistically significant-difference between the NAIP expression in RLH (M.R of NAIP/GAPDH expression = 0.6365 ± 0.017) and normal lymph node samples (M.R of NAIP/GAPDH expression = 0.5882 ± 0.047) (P < 0.01).These findings show that the regulation of apoptosis could not be the main function of NAIP in the cell, so the pathologic expression of NAIP is not involved in lymphoma. But, we concluded that the over expression of NAIP has more effective role in the inflammatory response. Also, this study clarifies the NAIP expression level in lymphoma which is required for IAPs profiling in order to be used in potential translational applications of IAPs.Apoptosis is a programmed process leading to cell death which controls the development and homeostasis of multicellular organisms [1]. This cell destruction executes when initiator caspases are assemble with adaptor molecules in response to internal or external signal, leading to caspase activation [2-4]. Up to now, numerous literatures have been reported on critical role of apoptosis in different pathological conditions [5]. The loss of apoptosis regulation might proceed in a wide variety of diseases like cancer development and progression while the excess of apoptosis might result in neurodegenerative [6] and immunodeficiency disorders [1]. So, the impaired regulation of apoptosis is considered to be a prominent event in the development and progression of tumor cells [7,8]. T