Complex-transdisciplinary approach and its inclusion in education and medical research in 21st century (El enfoque complejo-transdisciplinar y su inclusión en la educación e investigación médica del siglo XXI)

Since its inception both education and research in medicine have changed dramatically in terms of concepts. The approaches and paradigms that has been used, all of them in effort to respond the needs that arose in the population.Today, it continues the searching to improve its focus and to respond better to the needs the practitioner faces. In that way “Complex-Transdisciplinary” approach arises. The same have been taken into account in many scientific disciplines almost immediately because it provided effective solutions to transcomplex emergencies. Medical science could not avoid it, so it began to study and investigate the so called Complex Medicine, as the Twenty-First Century Medicine.Complex Medicine proposed changes to methodology of teaching, research process, and even the medical act, based on the inclusion of clinical skills and minimum medical expertise and essential in the physician’s professional profile. These ones become in complex systems of transdisciplinary resources, which must be structured to meet the challenges found in the experience.In this way they could respond to emergencies/problems of the future.It also can be justified the inclusion of this approach in medical education and research, pointing that:- The use of a complex approach, would not produce bias in data collection such as “signs and symptoms”, nor removal of basis that help to give an accurate diagnosis and effective treatment to the patient.- The use of a transdisciplinary approach, would cross-link all knowledge learned in the career, with the reality that one faces.With this, we may conclude that. The reductionism, which we have been submitted to, because of the analytical and positivist science it generated a specialized knowledge, reductionist and fragmented. In order to overcome it, we have to face reality in a general way and the Health-Disease Process in a particular way. We have to use a Transcomplex point of view which will generate, Integrated Professionals in Health, who are true agents of change. This agents are able to respond effectively to the needs of a changing society and this one requires the same in its professionals.- ESPA OL: Desde sus inicios tanto la educación como la investigación en Medicina han sufrido grandescambios, tanto en los conceptos como en los enfoques y paradigmas que ha empleado, todo ello en afán de poder responder a las necesidades que iban surgiendo en la población.Hoy en día, continuando la búsqueda de mejorar su enfoque y poder responder de mejor manera a las necesidades que se le plantean al profesional de esta ciencia, sur