NBI-Endoscopy. Method of Early Diagnosis of Chronic Diseases of the Gastrointestinal Tract

Narrow Band Imaging (NBI) is a modern method of electronic chromoendoscopy, which is based on the visualization of vascular structures. This method has become very important to detect the early stages of cancer pathology. In 2007-2010, for the first time in the world’s practice, this method was applied for the diagnosis of chronic inflammatory, inflammatory destructive and early structural changes in the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract and the trachea and bronchial tree. To examine the patients, a digital video endoscope system EVIS EXERA-II (OLYMPUS, Japan) was used. Targeted biopsy was performed according to the images obtained by using the NBI system. In this study, we examined 2166 patients with various chronic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. The patients were divided into two groups: 1151 – who were subjected to NBI (a group of observations) and 1015 – who were subjected to standard endoscopy without NBI (control group). Thecapabilities of digital video endoscopy using NBI have been studied for the diagnosis of chronic inflammatory and destructive changes in the mucous membrane of the digestive tract. The results showed a high diagnostic and prognostic significance; we particularly noted an increase of more than 30% in the detection of inflammatory, destructive, and structural changes in the mucosa of the organs we observed. This method proved to be more than 99.8% sensitive, with a specificity of more than 78.0%. The results obtained indicate that this imaging system can be used with high diagnostic and prognostic significance for the diagnosis of chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.