INCIDENCE ON GASTRO-INTESTINAL NEMATODES OF CATTLE IN RAJSHAHI DISTRICT AND ANTHELMINTIC EFFICACY OF SOME INDIGENOUS MEDICINAL PLANTS AGAINST GASTRO-INTESTINAL NEMATODES OF CATTLE IN VITRO AND IN VIVO

The prevalence of natural gastrointestinal nematodes was observed in cattle during the period from June, 2011 to May, 2012 in Rajshahi district. The prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes was 54.75% (rainy seasons-79.81%, autumn-57.70% summer-44.32% and winter seasons-34.74%). The prevalence of Ascaris sp.,Strongyles (Haemonchus sp., Trichostrongylus sp., Oesophagostomum sp. and Mecistocirrus sp.), Bunostomum sp., Trichuris sp. Strongyloides sp. and mixed infection were 11.88%, 46.58%, 4.11%, 9.14% 9.14% and 19.18%, respectively. The prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes was 62.25% in Rajshahi dictrict 56.25% in Nator dictrict,42.85% in Naogoan dictrict and 38% in Chapai Nawabgong dictrict . In the age of 1-6 months the prevalence of Ascaris sp. and,Strongyles were 33.34% and 3.34% respectively, in the age of 7-12 months, the prevalence of Ascaris sp Strongyles Trichuris sp. Strongyloides sp. and mixed infection were15%,25%,5%,5% and 12.5% respectively, in the age of 1-2 years, the prevalence of Strongyles sp., Bunostomum sp., Trichuris sp., Strongyloides sp. and mixed infection were 35%, 4%, 7.5%, 7% and 13.5% respectively, in the age of 2 years above, the prevalence of Strongyles sp., Bunostomum sp., Trichuris sp., Strongyloides sp. and mixed infection were 20%, 1%, 3%, 4% and 10% respectively.Ethanol extracts of 10 indigenous plants(neem,custard apple , betel leaf, pineapple, jute, garlic, papaya pomegrante, bitter gourd, and chaste tree) showed potential in vitro activities against adult parasites. Out of these, 10 plant extracts, 2 plants (neem and bitter gourd) showed 100% efficacy against adult worms, 5 plants (papaya, garlic, pineapple,betel leaf and chaste tree) showed 90% and others ( pomegranate, jute and custard apple) showed below 90%.