Prevalence, Biotypes and Antibiogram of Vibrio Associated Diarrhoea in Some Parts of Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

The prevalence, biochemical characterization and antibiogram of Vibrio species associated with diarrhoea in some parts of Niger Delta region of Nigeria were studied using standard microbiological diagnostic procedures. The prevalence rate of 31.7% was obtained. Fifty one isolates of Vibrio species were isolated of which 39 (76.5%) were Vibrio cholerae while 12 (23.5%) were Vibrio parahaemolyticus and were identified as predominant species responsible for diarrhoeic cases in the region. Further characterization of V. cholerae identified the isolates as El Tor (48.7%), classical (38.5%) and non-01 Vibrio cholera (12.8%) biotypes. The distribution of the isolates according to age range of the subjects was studied and it differed statistically (p<0.05). Subjects 0-10 years of age had the highest percentage (46.3%) of positive cases while the lowest percentage of 9.68% was obtained from subjects of age range 21-30 years. Samples from female patients yielded higher percentage (62.7%) of positive cases than male subjects (37.3%) but there was no significant difference (p<0.05). Antibiogram of isolates revealed 100% sensitivity to Gentamycin with variable percentage resistance of 11.8 and 17.6% to Nitrofurantoin and Oflaxacin, respectively. However, 100% resistances of the isolates were observed with Amoxacillin and Cotrimoxazole antibiotics.