Enjeux environnementaux du développement des biocarburants liquides pour le transport Environmental issues of the promotion of liquid biofuels for transportation

L’évaluation de l’impact environnemental des biocarburants a été et est encore un sujet très controversé. à partir d'une synthèse bibliographique, cet article nous présente les éléments connus et les principales incertitudes concernant les enjeux environnementaux représentés par chaque génération de biocarburants. Assessing the environmental impacts of biofuels is a very controversial issue. This article so aims at giving a better understanding of present knowledge and unknowns about the environmental assessment of biofuels. To this end, a review of available information in the literature was carried out. It shows that each generation of biofuels has to tackle its own challenges. It also underlines that many uncertainties remain, even for 1st generation biofuels which are currently produced.