Evaluation of the anti-icterus effect of crude powdered leaf of Argemone mexicana L. (Papaveraceae) against CCl4-induced liver injury in rats .

Leaves of Argemone mexicana L. (Papaveraceae) are used in the folk medicine of Burkina Faso (West Africa) to treat a variety of illness. Aqueous decoction of the drug is indicated in the treatment of malaria fever, abdominal pains, and jaundice. A preliminary study led by the authors showed a good anti-icterus (hepatoprotective) activity of leaves extracts on intoxicated Wistar rats. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the anti-icterus activity of crude leaf powder against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Liver functions were assessed by the activities of liver marker enzymes, ASAT/GOT, ALAT/GPT, ALP, Total Bilirubin (TBIL) and Direct Bilirubin (DBIL).A crude powdered leaf suspended in acacia gum solution (2% p/w) was administered orally to the animal at doses of 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg attenuated significantly (p<0,05) the elevation of serum enzymes level and bilirubin (total and direct) if compared to the CCl4 treated groups. Silymarin (100 mg/kg, p.o.), a known antihepatoprotective drug was used as reference. The results showed a dose-dependent anti-hepatotoxic effect against liver injury induced by CCl4 in rats. These findings give an opportunity for a future elaboration of galenic formulation as phytomedicament.