Prepration, Charactaerization and Antioxidant Activities of Gallic Acid-Phospholipids Complex

Most of the bioactive constituents of herbal drugs are water soluble molecules. However, water soluble phytoconstituent like many polyphenols are poorly absorbed either due to their multiple-ring large size molecules which can not be absorbed by simple diffusion, or due to their poor miscibility with oils and other lipids, severely limiting their ability to pass across the lipid-rich outer membranes of the enterocytes of the small intestine. Water-soluble phytoconstituent molecules (mainly polyphenols) can be converted into lipid-compatible molecular complexes, which are called Phytosomes. Phytosomes are more bioavailable as compared to simple herbal extracts owing to their enhanced capacity to cross the lipid rich bio membranes and finally reaching the blood. Gallic acid and its derivatives are a group of naturally occurring polyphenols antioxidants which have recently been shown to have potential healthy effects but when administered orally it shows poor absorption because of less lipophilicity. To overcome this limitation, the present study was aimed to develop gallic acid- phospholipids complex in different ratio to improve the lipophilic properties of gallic acid. The physicochemical properties of the complex were analyzed by ultraviolet-visible spectrometry (UV), infrared spectrometry (IR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) , solubility, dissolution, etc. the result showed that gallic and phospholipids in gallic-phospholipids complex were joined by non-covalent bond and did not form a new compound. We observed that complex was an effective scavenger of DPPH radicals and showed the strong antioxidant activity.