Biological Significance of Pyrazolone: A Review

Pyrazolone is a five membered lactum ring containing two Nitrogens and one ketonic group in its structure. During the discovery of pyrazolone, they were only known as NSAIDs but in recent time they play versatile role in several complications like cerebral ischaemia and cardiovascular diseases. The chemistry of pyrazolone has gained increasing attention due to its diverse pharmacological properties such as cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antifungal, antiviral, oral hypoglycaemic activity, etc. Pyrazolones are believed to be involved in various biochemical and physiological reactions and thus scientific research programs are continuously pouring in with respect to improvised synthetic techniques to prepare numerous pyrazolone derivatives. From a last decade a lot of work is going on the pyrazolone nucleus. Scientists have developed large number of new compounds related to this moiety and screened them for their different pharmacological activities toget a molecule of desired pharmacological activity. Although earlier many of pyrazolone derivatives were associated with adverse effect such as agranulocytosis, skin rashes and blood dyscariasis, etc. that may have haulted peer progress for sometime but peer extensive and versatile profile have made the pyrazolones favorites for newer drug development. Keeping in view the increasing importance of these derivatives, a need to review the progress regarding pyrazolone was felt.