Increase of Seismic Risk for Growth of a Large Metropolitan Area of Granada (Spain): Case Studies

This paper analyzes the creation, consolidation, and growth of the metropolitan area of the city of Granada (Spain) from 1956 to 2007, using GIS and aerial photographs. In the last fifty years, the population of Granada and its metropolitan area has doubled. This has led to an increase in built-up land of approximately 4650 ha. Furthermore, the areas that have experienced the largest growth in population and built-up land are located less than 15 km from the city. The consolidation of the metropolitan area (MA) in Granada began in the 1970s. In 1950-2009, the overall population density (hab/km2) rose 65%. This study has provided support to the main investigation to justify the increase of the exposed elements since the MA of Granada is the most active seismic zone in Spain. This primary research examines the foundations of buildings in static and dynamic conditions and the best direction of growth of villages taking into account the soil characteristics. It was found that seismic risk in this area has increased because of the significant growth of the elements exposed at risk (number of buildings as well as population). This study shows that in some cases the growth directions are not correct.