Varia es Linguísticas e estigmatiza o da Fala: algumas considera es para o professor de Língua Materna

In this paper we intend to offer the reader an overview of the approach of the language studies under two perspectives – writing and speech – and the consequences of the supremacy of the first one over the second in the work of the mother language teacher, specially in the Elementary School, where the linguistic variety used by the student can expose him to linguistic prejudice. We approach the problem of the varieties and the linguistic prejudice presenting a brief resume of the language studies evolution, beginning from the prescriptive grammar of the Classic Antique, passing through the appearing of the linguistic studies in the end of the XIX century and its contribution and reaching the Sociolinguistics researches, in the early 1960’s. We conclude with some comments on the varieties / prejudice problems nowadays in our country and a consideration on the role of the mother language teacher, in his dilemma of how to teach pattern language an linguistic variety in the classroom.