Multitemporal MODIS Data to Mapping Rice Field Distribution in Bali Province of Indonesia Based on the Temporal Dynamic Characteristics of the Rice Plant

Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite data has been widely employed for many applications. It has fine temporal, spectral and spatial resolution. This feature can be used for monitoring earth condition continuously, such as the rice field distribution. Rice fields can be known by detecting the rice plant in that area. Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) is one of the indexes, which describe vegetation conditions and was employed to mapping the rice field. Rice field area was identified using growth curve recognition of EVI2 MODIS data based on rice plant temporal dynamic characteristics. The rice field distributions in Bali that were estimated from MODIS data in 2009 show reasonable spatial agreement with rice field distribution from land use map of 2008. The total area of rice field from MODIS data is 101,218.75 hectare (accuracy 88.21% of reference data). The southern part of Bali has wider rice coverage compared to northern part of Bali because of the topographic condition in southern Bali is suitable for rice cultivation. The regency and district level comparison of rice field area in Bali Province showed a good spatial agreement of accuracy. This indicates that MODIS EVI2 250 m data can be used to mapping homogeneous areas in the small region of district scale. The accuracy identify rice field are affected by several factors, such as spatial resolution and cloud cover of satellite data, elevation of rice field area, and type of rice field.