NEFROPATíA OBSTRUCTIVA: SU FISIOPATOLOGíA

Obstructive nephropathy is the functional and /or parenchymal renal damage secondary to the urinary tract occlusion at any part of it. The inducing urinary obstruction diseases can vary depending on the patient′s age and gender.There are many renal dysfunction inducing mechanisms involved in this entity: increase in the intra-luminal pressure, ureteral dilatation with ineffective ureteral peristalsis, glomerular ultrafiltration net pressure reduction, intra-renal glomerular blood flux reduction due to vasoconstriction, and local disease of chemotactic substances. Obstructive nephropathy can also lead to hypertension (vasoconstriction-hypervolemia), hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis (aldosterone resistance), diabetes insipidus (vasopressine resistance).In conclusion, since obstructive nephropathy is a potentially reversible cause of renal dysfunction, it should always be taken into account among the differential diagnosis of renal failure inducing mechanisms.