Guided bone regeneration: A literature review

Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a reconstructive procedure of alveolar ridge using membranes. This procedure isindicated when there is no sufficient bone for implantation, or in the case of optimal implant installation for esthetic orfunctional needs. GBR can be performed before implant placement, when there is not enough bone for initial stability ofimplants and less predictable outcomes (staged approach), or performed simultaneously with implantation (combinedapproach). GBR techniques have been used for vertical and horizontal ridge augmentations with acceptable results. Thisliterature review discusses the background, principles of GBR, the materials used in GBR (types of membranes andbone grafts), success criteria and long term results of GBR