A regional climate palaeosimulation for Europe in the period 1500–1990 – Part 1: Model validation

We present and analyse a high-resolution regional climate palaeosimulation encompassing the European region for the period 1500–1990. We use the regional model MM5 coupled to the global model ECHO-G. Both models were driven by reconstructions of three external factors: greenhouse gas concentrations, Total Solar Irradiance and volcanic activity. The simulation has been assessed in a recent period by comparing the model results with the Climate Research Unit (CRU) database. The results show that although the regional model is tightly driven by the boundary conditions, it is able to improve the reliability of the simulations, narrowing the differences to the observations, especially in areas of complex topography. Additionally, the evolution of the spatial distributions of temperature and precipitation through the last five centuries has been analysed. The mean values of temperature reflects the influence of the external forcings but, contrary to the results obtained under climate change scenario conditions, we found that higher-order momenta of the probability distribution of seasonal temperature and precipitation are hardly affected by changes in the external forcings