Elastic-plastic deformation behavior of austenitic, martensitic, and austenitic-martensitic high-Mn steels is investigated by using crystal plasticity theory. The development of expandable pipes made of two-phase steel for oil and gas well applications is needed for improved and efficient recovery of hydrocarbons from difficult reservoirs. The current research is aimed at improving the down-hole post-expansion material properties of expandable pipes. A mathematical model is first developed based on finite-deformation crystal plasticity theory assuming that slip is the prime mode of plastic deformation. The developed model is then numerically implemented by using the finite element software ABAQUS, through a user defined subroutine. Finite element simulations are performed for austenitic, martensitic, and austenitic-martensitic steels having different proportions of martensite in an austenite matrix. Three primary modes of loading are considered: uniaxial tension, compression and simple shear. The variation in yield strength, hardening pattern and dissipated energy is observed and analyzed.
References
[1]
A. Filippov, R. Mack, L. Cook, P. York, L. Ring and T. McCoy, “Expandable Tubular Solutions,” SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Houston, 1999.
[2]
T. Pervez, S. Z. Qamar, O. S. Al-Abri and R. Khan, “Experimental and Numerical Simulation of In-Situ Tube Expansion for Deep Gas-Wells,” Journal of Materials and Manufacturing Processes, Vol. 27, No. 7, 2011, pp. 727-732. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10426914.2011.648037
[3]
R. Kuziak, R. Kawalla and S. Waengler, “Advanced High Strength Steels for Automotive Industry,” Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 8, No. 2, 2008, pp. 103-117.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1644-9665(12)60197-6
[4]
E. Jimenez-Melero, N. H. van Dijk, L. Zhao, J. Sietsma, S. E. Offerman, J. P. Wright and S. van der Zwaag, “Martensitic Transformation of Individual Grains in Low-Alloyed TRIP Steels,” Scripta Materialia, Vol. 56, No. 5, 2007, pp. 421-424.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2006.10.041
[5]
C. G. Lee, S.-J. Kim, T.-H. Lee and S. Lee, “Effects of Volume Fraction and Stability of Retained Austenite on Formability in a 0.1C-1.5Si-1.5Mn-0.5Cu TRIP-Aided Cold-Rolled Steel Sheet,” Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 371, No. 1-2, 2004, pp. 16-23.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00035-2
[6]
T. Pervez, R. Khan, S. Z. Qamar, F. Al-Jahwari, F. J. Sanchez and B. A. Abri, “Post-Expansion Characterization of Expandable Tubular: Progress and Challenges,” SPE/IADC Middle East Drilling Technology Conference and Exhibition, Muscat, 2011.
[7]
V. I. Levitas and I. B. Ozsoy, “Micromechanical Modeling of Stress-Induced Phase Transformations. Part 1. Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Coupled Interface Propagation and Reorientation,” International Journal of Plasticity, Vol. 25, No. 2, 2009, pp. 239-280.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2008.02.004
[8]
ABAQUS, “Software Version 6.11,” Dassault Systèmes, 2012.
[9]
E. H. Lee, “Elastic-Plastic Deformation at Finite Strains,” Journal of Applied Mechanics, Vol. 36, No. 1, 1969, pp. 1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3564580
[10]
S. R. Kalidindi, C. A. Bronkhorst and L. Anand, “Crys- tallographic Texture Evolution in Bulk Deformation Processing of FCC Metals,” Journal of Mechanics and Physics of Solids, Vol. 40, No. 3, 1992, pp. 537-569.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-5096(92)80003-9
[11]
R. J. Asaro and A. Needleman, “Texture Development and Strain Hardening in Rate Dependent Polycrystals,” Acta Metallurgica, Vol. 33, No. 6, 1985, pp. 923-953.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0001-6160(85)90188-9
[12]
R. Khan, “Micromechanical Modeling of Crystal and Transformation Plasticity in Multiphase Steels,” Ph.D Thesis, Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Department, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, 2013.
[13]
S. Turteltaub and A. S. J. Suiker, “A Multiscale Thermomechanical Model for Cubic to Tetragonal Martensitic Phase Transformations,” International Journal of Solids and Structures, Vol. 43, No. 14-15, 2006, pp. 4509-4545.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2005.06.065
[14]
T. Narutani, G. B. Olson and M. Cohen, “Constitutive Flow Relations for Austenitic Steels during Strain-Induced Martensitic Transformation,” Journal De Physique IV, Vol. C4, No. 12, 1982, pp. 429-434.