全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...
PLOS ONE  2014 

Muscle Fiber Viability, a Novel Method for the Fast Detection of Ischemic Muscle Injury in Rats

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084783

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

Acute lower extremity ischemia is a limb- and life-threatening clinical problem. Rapid detection of the degree of injury is crucial, however at present there are no exact diagnostic tests available to achieve this purpose. Our goal was to examine a novel technique - which has the potential to accurately assess the degree of ischemic muscle injury within a short period of time - in a clinically relevant rodent model. Male Wistar rats were exposed to 4, 6, 8 and 9 hours of bilateral lower limb ischemia induced by the occlusion of the infrarenal aorta. Additional animals underwent 8 and 9 hours of ischemia followed by 2 hours of reperfusion to examine the effects of revascularization. Muscle samples were collected from the left anterior tibial muscle for viability assessment. The degree of muscle damage (muscle fiber viability) was assessed by morphometric evaluation of NADH-tetrazolium reductase reaction on frozen sections. Right hind limbs were perfusion-fixed with paraformaldehyde and glutaraldehyde for light and electron microscopic examinations. Muscle fiber viability decreased progressively over the time of ischemia, with significant differences found between the consecutive times. High correlation was detected between the length of ischemia and the values of muscle fiber viability. After reperfusion, viability showed significant reduction in the 8-hour-ischemia and 2-hour-reperfusion group compared to the 8-hour-ischemia-only group, and decreased further after 9 hours of ischemia and 2 hours of reperfusion. Light- and electron microscopic findings correlated strongly with the values of muscle fiber viability: lesser viability values represented higher degree of ultrastructural injury while similar viability results corresponded to similar morphological injury. Muscle fiber viability was capable of accurately determining the degree of muscle injury in our rat model. Our method might therefore be useful in clinical settings in the diagnostics of acute ischemic muscle injury.

References

[1]  Creager MA, Kaufman JA, Conte MS (2012) Acute limb ischemia. N Engl J Med 366: 2198–2206.
[2]  Pemberton M, Varty K, Nydahl S, Bell PRF (1999) The surgical management of acute limb ischaemia due to native vessel occlusion. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 17: 72–76.
[3]  Henke PK (2009) Contemporary management of acute limb ischemia: factors associated with amputation and in-hospital mortality. Semin Vasc Surg 22: 34–40.
[4]  Rutherford RB, Baker JD, Ernst C, Johnston KW, Porter JM, et al. (1997) Recommended standards for reports dealing with lower extremity ischemia: Revised version. J Vasc Surg 26: 517–538.
[5]  Rutherford RB (2009) Clinical staging of acute limb ischemia as the basis for choice of revascularization method: when and how to intervene. Semin Vasc Surg 22: 5–9.
[6]  Lindsay TF, Liauw S, Romaschin AD, Walker PM (1990) The effect of ischemia/reperfusion on adenine nucleotide metabolism and xanthine oxidase production in skeletal muscle. J Vasc Surg 12: 8–15.
[7]  Norgren L, Hiatt WR, Dormandy JA, Nehler MR, Harris KA, et al. (2007) Inter-society consensus for the management of peripheral arterial disease (TASC II). J Vasc Surg 45: S40–S47.
[8]  Gyurkovics E, Aranyi P, Stangl R, Onody P, Ferreira G, et al. (2011) Postconditioning of the lower limb - Protection against the reperfusion syndrome. J Surg Res 169: 139–147.
[9]  Novikoff AB, Shin WY, Drucker J (1961) Mitochondrial localization of oxidative enzymes: staining results with two tetrazolium salts. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 9: 47–61.
[10]  Ciena AP, de Almeida SR, Alves PH, Bolina-Matos Rde S, Dias FJ, et al. (2011) Histochemical and ultrastructural changes of sternomastoid muscle in aged Wistar rats. Micron 42: 871–876.
[11]  Petrasek PF, Homer-Vanniasinkam S, Walker PM (1994) Determinants of ischemic injury to skeletal muscle. J Vasc Surg 19: 623–631.
[12]  Malan E, Tattoni G (1963) Physio- and anatomo-pathology of acute ischemia of the extremities. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 4: 212–225.
[13]  Seifert FC, Banker M, Lane B, Bagge U, Anagnostopoulos CE (1985) An evaluation of resting arterial ischemia models in the rat hind limb. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 26: 502–508.
[14]  Janda J, Linhart J, Kasalicky J (1974) Experimental chronic ischaemia of the skeletal muscle in the rat. Physiol Bohemoslov 23: 521–526.
[15]  Karpati G, Carpenter S, Melmed C, Eisen AA (1974) Experimental ischemic myopathy. J Neurol Sci 23: 129–161.
[16]  Jennings RB, Ganote CE, Reimer KA (1975) Ischemic tissue injury. Am J Pathol 81: 179–198.
[17]  Harris K, Walker PM, Mickle DAG, Harding R, Gatley R, et al. (1986) Metabolic response of skeletal muscle to ischemia. Am J Physiol 250: H213–H220.
[18]  Brandao ML, Roselino JE, Piccinato CE, Cherri J (2003) Mitochondrial alterations in skeletal muscle submitted to total ischemia. J Surg Res 110: 235–240.
[19]  Farber JL, Chien KR, Mittnacht S (1981) The pathogenesis of irreversible cell injury in ischemia. Am J Pathol 102: 271–281.
[20]  Klein HH, Puschmann S, Schaper J, Schaper W (1981) The mechanism of the tetrazolium reaction in identifying experimental myocardial infarction. Virchows Arch A 393: 287–297.
[21]  Jennings RB (1969) Early phase of myocardial ischemic injury and infarction. Am J Cardiol 24: 753–765.
[22]  Schaper W, Frenzel H, Hort W (1979) Experimental coronary artery occlusion I Measurement of infarct size. Basic Res Cardiol 74: 46–53.
[23]  Wachstein M, Meisel E (1955) Succinic dehydrogenase activity in myocardial infarction and in induced myocardial necrosis. Am J Pathol 31: 353–365.
[24]  Belkin M, Brown RD, Wright JG, Lamorte WW, Hobson RW (1988) A new quantitative spectrophotometric assay of ischemia-reperfusion injury in skeletal muscle. Am J Surg 156: 83–86.
[25]  Colburn MD, Quinones-Baldrich WJ, Gelabert HA, Nowara H, Moore WS (1992) Standardization of skeletal muscle ischemic injury. J Surg Res. United States. pp. 309–313.
[26]  Merrick MA, Rankin JM, Andres FA, Hinman CL (1999) A preliminary examination of cryotherapy and secondary injury in skeletal muscle. Med Sci Sports Exerc 31: 1516–1521.
[27]  Wang JX, Li Y, Zhang LK, Zhao J, Pang YZ, et al. (2005) Taurine inhibits ischemia/reperfusion-induced compartment syndrome in rabbits. Acta Pharmacol Sin 26: 821–827.
[28]  Troitzsch D, Moosdorf R, Vogt S (2011) Importance of real-time tissue oximetry: relationship to muscle oxygenation and tissue viability. J Surg Res 169: 156–161.
[29]  Troitzsch D, Moosdorf R, Hasenkam JM, Nygaard H, Vogt S (2013) Effects of cyclosporine pretreatment on tissue oxygen levels and cytochrome oxidase in skeletal muscle ischemia and reperfusion. Shock 39: 220–226.
[30]  Hickey MJ, Hurley JV, Angel MF, Obrien BM (1992) The response of the rabbit rectus femoris muscle to ischemia and reperfusion. J Surg Res 53: 369–377.
[31]  Herbert KJ, Hickey MJ, Lepore DA, Knight KR, Morrison WA, et al. (2001) Effects of the endothelin receptor antagonist Bosentan on ischaemia/reperfusion injury in rat skeletal muscle. Eur J Pharmacol 424: 59–67.
[32]  McAllister SE, Ashrafpour H, Cahoon N, Huang N, Moses MA, et al. (2008) Postconditioning for salvage of ischemic skeletal muscle from reperfusion injury: efficacy and mechanism. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 295: R681–689.
[33]  Tsubota H, Marui A, Esaki J, Bir SC, Ikeda T, et al. (2010) Remote postconditioning may attenuate ischaemia-reperfusion injury in the murine hindlimb through adenosine receptor activation. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 40: 804–809.
[34]  Walters TJ, Mase VJ Jr, Roe JL, Dubick MA, Christy RJ (2011) Poloxamer-188 reduces muscular edema after tourniquet-induced ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. J Trauma 70: 1192–1197.
[35]  Cahoon NJ, Naparus A, Ashrafpour H, Hofer SO, Huang N, et al. (2013) Pharmacologic prophylactic treatment for perioperative protection of skeletal muscle from ischemia-reperfusion injury in reconstructive surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg 131: 473–485.
[36]  Knight KR, Zhang BM, Morrison WA, Stewart AG (1997) Ischaemia-reperfusion injury in mouse skeletal muscle is reduced by N-omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester and dexamethasone. Eur J Pharmacol 332: 273–278.
[37]  Blebea J, Kerr JC, Shumko JZ, Feinberg RN, Hobson RW (1987) Quantitative histochemical evaluation of skeletal muscle ischemia and reperfusion injury. J Surg Res 43: 311–321.
[38]  Carmo-Araujo EM, Dal-Pai-Silva M, Dal-Pai V, Cecchini R, Anjos Ferreira AL (2007) Ischaemia and reperfusion effects on skeletal muscle tissue: morphological and histochemical studies. Int J Exp Pathol 88: 147–154.
[39]  Miedema JR, Hunt HV (2010) Practical issues for frozen section diagnosis in gastrointestinal and liver diseases. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis 19: 181–185.
[40]  Schmidt RL, Hunt JP, Hall BJ, Wilson AR, Layfield LJ (2011) A systematic review and meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of frozen section for parotid gland lesions. Am J Clin Pathol 136: 729–738.
[41]  Heatley MK (2012) A systematic review of papers examining the use of intraoperative frozen section in predicting the final diagnosis of ovarian lesions. Int J Gynecol Pathol 31: 111–115.
[42]  Homer-Vanniasinkam S, Rowlands TE, Hardy SC, Gough MJ (2001) Skeletal muscle ischaemia-reperfusion injury: further characterisation of a rodent model. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 22: 523–527.
[43]  Nanobashvili J, Neumayer C, Fugl A, Punz A, Blumer R, et al. (2003) Ischemia/reperfusion injury of skeletal muscle: Plasma taurine as a measure of tissue damage. Surgery 133: 91–100.
[44]  Barie PS, Mullins RJ (1988) Experimental methods in the pathogenesis of limb ischemia. J Surg Res 44: 284–307.
[45]  Chan RK, Austen WG Jr, Ibrahim S, Ding GY, Verna N, et al. (2004) Reperfusion injury to skeletal muscle affects primarily type II muscle fibers. J Surg Res 122: 54–60.
[46]  Jennische E (1985) Ischaemia-induced injury in glycogen-depleted skeletal muscle. Selective vulnerability of FG-fibres. Acta Physiol Scand 125: 727–734.
[47]  Idstrom JP, Soussi B, Elander A, Bylund-Fellenius AC (1990) Purine metabolism after in vivo ischemia and reperfusion in rat skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol 258: H1668–1673.
[48]  Gillani S, Cao J, Suzuki T, Hak DJ (2012) The effect of ischemia reperfusion injury on skeletal muscle. Injury 43: 670–675.
[49]  Woitaske MD, McCarter RJ (1998) Effects of fiber type on ischemia-reperfusion injury in mouse skeletal muscle. Plast Reconstr Surg 102: 2052–2063.
[50]  Blaisdell FW (2002) The pathophysiology of skeletal muscle ischemia and the reperfusion syndrome: a review. Cardiovasc Surg 10: 620–630.
[51]  Wang WZ, Baynosa RC, Zamboni WA (2011) Update on ischemia-reperfusion injury for the plastic surgeon: 2011. Plast Reconstr Surg 128: 685e–692e.
[52]  Bryant RE, Thomas WA, O'Neal RM (1958) An electron microscopic study of myocardial ischemia in the rat. Circ Res 6: 699–709.
[53]  Moore DH, Ruska H, Copenhaver WM (1956) Electron microscopic and histochemical observations of muscle degeneration after tourniquet. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 2: 755–764.

Full-Text

comments powered by Disqus

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133

WeChat 1538708413