Background. Vitamin D deficiency is widespread throughout the world. Several reports have incriminated vitamin D deficiency as the cause of rickets, osteomalacia, and other chronic diseases. Recent studies have suggested a possible link between deficiency of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and dyslipidemia. Aim. To investigate the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency and dyslipidemia in Indian subjects. Methodology. We recruited 150 asymptomatic consecutive subjects from patients’ attendees at the Departments of Neurology and Medicine in Yashoda Hospital, Hyderabad, India. Study period was from October 2011 to March 2012. All subjects underwent 25-hydroxyvitamin D assay by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay, fasting blood sugar and lipid profile, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and C-reactive protein (CRP). Results. Out of 150 subjects, men were 82 (54.6%), and mean age was 49.4 (±15.6) years. Among risk factors, hypertension was noted in 63/150 (42%), 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency in 59/150 (39.3%), diabetes in 45/150 (30%), dyslipidemia in 60 (40%), smoking in 35/150 (23.3%), and alcoholism in 27/150 (18%). Deficiency of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was significantly associated with dyslipidemia ( ), mean serum glucose ( ) mean CRP ( ), and mean alkaline phosphatase ( ). Multivariate analysis showed that 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency was independently associated with dyslipidemia (odds ratio: 1.9; 95%？CI？:？1.1–3.5). Conclusions. We found that deficiency of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was independently associated with dyslipidemia in Indian subjects. 1. Introduction Vitamin D deficiency is a common disorder, found in all age groups and in both genders [1, 2]. It is prevalent in various parts of the world including India [1–3] with an increased occurrence in high and low latitude countries [4]. Worldwide, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is 50% in elderly [5] and within Europe in 2%–30% of adults [6]. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level is a sensitive measure of vitamin D status of an individual [1], and the prevalence of inadequate 25-hydroxyvitamin D is around 30% to 50% in the general population [7]. Recent reports have found that hypo 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with atherosclerosis [8], obesity [9], diabetes [10], hypertension [11], myocardial infarction [12], and stroke [13]. Dyslipidemia is a an independent risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in individuals [14, 15]. Current studies have observed that low 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with dyslipidemia [16, 17]. We aim to investigate the relationship of
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