Nanostructure of a metal-organic framework (MOF), {[Mg(HIDC)(H2O)2]·1.5H2O}n (1) (H3IDC = 4,5-imidazoledicarboxylic acid), was synthesized by a sonochemical method and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, IR spectroscopy, and elemental analyses. The effect of concentration of starting reagents on size and morphology of nanostructured compound 1 has been studied. Calcination of the bulk powder and nanosized compound 1 at 650°C under air atmosphere yields MgO nanostructures. Results show that the size and morphology of the MgO nanoparticles are dependent upon the particles size of compound 1. 1. Introduction Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) constructed by metal ions and multifunctional organic linkers have attracted a great deal of interest in recent years [1–7]. Their high internal surface area, light weight, high porosity, and low volumetric density give them great opportunity for the potential applications in ion exchange [8], chemical sensor [9–13], catalysis [14–17], gas storage [18–21], and separation [22]. Recently, 4,5-imidazoledicarboxylic acid (H3IDC) was used to synthesize various functional metal-organic hybrid frameworks [23–29]. This ligand has three pH-dependent abstractable protons and six donor sites, which can be exploited for the synthesis of a variety of hybrid solids through a number of flexible coordination modes [30]. However, most of the MOFs are constructed from transitional metals but rare earth metals and alkali or alkaline-earth metals based MOFs are scarcely investigated [31–34]. Compared to the transitional metals, alkali metal units are lighter, which can offer a lower framework density and lead to an increase in gravimetric gas sorption capacity [35–37]. Among the s-block metals, the large polarizing power of can provide a strong coordination bond with oxygen. There are few porous hybrid frameworks based on that have been reported [38–43]. Generally, porous materials are synthesized by slow diffusion, hydrothermal, and solvothermal synthesis methods [44–46]. In many cases a long reaction times, high reaction temperatures and pressures are required. To date a more efficient synthetic approach to MOFs still remains a challenge. Recently, a microwave assisted hydrothermal method is applied to prepare MOFs. This method is a highly efficient route to MOFs, although some reactions finish within several hours, but high reaction temperature and pressure are still needed [47, 48]. In the past two decades, sonochemical methods have been widely used in organic synthesis [49]. Compared with
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