Silver metal nanoparticles were immobilized in chitosan/carboxymethylcellulose/BMI.BF4(1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid) (CS/CMC/IL) to form polymeric membrane with 20？μm thickness. The CS/CMC/IL polymeric membrane was prepared using a simple solution blending method. Irregularly shaped Ag(0) nanoparticles with monomodal size distributions of ？nm Ag(0) were immobilized in the membrane. The presence of small Ag(0) nanoparticles induced an augmentation in the CS/CMC/IL film surface areas. The CS/CMC/IL membrane containing Ag(0) showed increase antimicrobial activity the Ag(0) concentration increased up to saturation at 10？mg. CS/CMC/IL membrane that contains Ag(0) nanoparticles has enhanced durability of the membrane and exhibited stronger antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. 1. Introduction Metal nanoparticles are known to incapacitate microbes by interacting with their enzymes, proteins, and/or DNA to inhibit cell proliferation or cell division. For these applications, nanoparticles have to be supported in biocompatible polymer systems in various forms (e.g., catheters, dental material, medical devices and implants, and burn dressings). This combination can form semipermeable membranes to protect against microbial contamination [1]. The antibacterial properties of composites have been well studied [2–6] and they exhibit a stronger toxicity towards bacteria than other organisms, ranging from fungi to the human immune system [7, 8]. For biomedical applications, polymers are well studied. Cellulose acetate is a good candidate because this polymer is hydrophilic, nontoxic, biodegradable, and renewable with good processability [9–11]. For example, cellulose diacetate semipermeable membrane embodying noble metal nanoparticles (Au and Pt) has been prepared [12]. Polypropylene (PP) is a polymer which has good mechanical properties and has many medical applications, such as tissue replacement and organ wall reconstructions [13–17]. However, to obtain a wider medical application, nanoparticles can be embedded [17]. The synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, and antimicrobial efficiency of gold and silver nanoparticles embedded amphiphilic comb-type graft copolymers having good film-forming properties have been studied [18]. The cotton fabric was used to support Ag nanoparticles ( ？nm in diameter and content of 0.53？wt%) to obtain an antimicrobial effect on both gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) [19]. Indeed, we report herein that the combination
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