Objective. Although several studies have investigated the association between body mass index (BMI) and bone mineral density (BMD), the results are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to further investigate the relation between BMI, weight and BMD in an Iranian men population. Methods. A total of 230 men 50-79 years old were examined. All men underwent a standard BMD scans of hip (total hip, femoral neck, trochanter, and femoral shaft) and lumbar vertebrae (L2-L4) using a Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) scan and examination of body size. Participants were categorised in two BMI group: normal weight <25.0？kg/m2 and overweight and obese, BMI ≥ 25？kg/m2. Results. Compared to men with BMI ≥ 25, the age-adjusted odds ratio of osteopenia was 2.2 (95% CI 0.85, 5.93) and for osteoporosis was 4.4 (1.51, 12.87) for men with BMI < 25. It was noted that BMI and weight was associated with a high BMD, compatible with a diagnosis of osteoporosis. Conclusions. These data indicate that both BMI and weight are associated with BMD of hip and vertebrae and overweight and obesity decreased the risk for osteoporosis. The results of this study highlight the need for osteoporosis prevention strategies in elderly men as well as postmenopausal women. 1. Introduction Obesity and osteoporosis are two important and growing public health problems worldwide [1–3], and osteoporotic fractures are among the main concerns of elderly population. Low bone mineral density (BMD) is a major risk factor for osteoporosis and its related fractures [3]. Relationship between body mass index (BMI), weight, height, and BMD was reported for many populations [4–6]. Body weight or BMI has been found to be inversely related to the risk of osteoporotic fracture [3, 7]. BMD appears to be reduced in lean postmenopausal women in most [8–18] but not all studies [4, 19–22]; in some studies BMD was reduced [4, 20, 23, 24], whereas in other studies BMD was increased [8–15, 22]. Thus, the role of obesity as a risk factor for low BMD, osteoporosis, and its related fractures remains unsettled. While there have been abundant epidemiological studies in postmenopausal women, few studies have examined the relationship between BMI, weight, and BMD in men and no study has been undertaken in Iranian men. Different associations may be expected in men who have a different lifestyle, such as different levels of activity and different eating habits. However, from clinical and public health point of view, it is important to clarify the role of BMI and weight in association with BMD. Our study contributes to this
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