Objectives. To evaluate the role of angiogenesis tumor marker CD31 in the detection of precancerous and cancerous cervical lesions and to compare its efficacy with colposcopy and histopathology. Materials and Methods. 230 patients with a suspicious looking cervix and an abnormal Pap smear attending the Outpatient Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of GSVM Medical College were subjected to a colposcopic examination. 180 patients with suspected colposcopic findings were subjected to a colposcopic directed biopsy. Biopsy tissues were sent for histopathological examination out of which 50 biopsied samples were sent for immunostaining of CD-31. Statistical analysis was done. Results. Comparison of microvessel density (MVD) count by haematoxylin and eosin staining (HE) and immunostaining of CD31 in preinvasive group were and , respectively, and in invasive group were and , respectively, which showed that MVD was higher by CD31 both in preinvasive and invasive group, and it was statistically significant. Conclusion. Angiogenesis is a marker of tumor progression, and CD31 fixes up vessel better as compared to HE, so aggressiveness of the tumor can be better predicted by MVD-CD31 as compared to MVD-HE. 1. Introduction Worldwide cervical cancer is the most common gynaecological malignancy and the third most common frequently diagnosed cancer in female after breast and colorectal cancer. It is the commonest cause of gynaecological cancer death and responsible for about 190,000 deaths every year [1]. Both the incidence and mortality from cervical cancer have been reduced by various systematic screening methods and treatment of premalignant cervical lesions. The introduction of practical cytology by Papanicolaou and Traut in 1943 and its later widespread use into clinical practice represented the major development in cervical cancer preventions further assisted by the use of colposcopy which allows the clinician to visually identify these preinvasive lesions on the cervix, determine their extent, and select a site for biopsy confirmation. Angiogenesis is a better correlate of malignancy and a requisite for metastasis. Tumor growth is thus controlled by the balance between angiogenic factors (vascular endothelial growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, and platelet derived growth factor) and antiangiogenic factors (thrombospondin, angiostatin, and endostatin). Intensity of tumor angiogenesis is supposed to be reflected by intratumoral microvessel density (MVD), but it is difficult to assess revascularization by normal microscopy; therefore various antibodies
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