Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is associated with increased oxidative stress and serum prolidase activity (SPA) in many diseases. We aimed to observe SPA and oxidative stress in nonulcer dyspepsia (NUD) infected with and without H. pylori among eastern Indians. 106 patients with H. pylori positive NUD, 82 patients with H. pylori negative NUD, and 50 healthy individuals were selected. SPA, total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), and total oxidant status (TOS) were measured with the use of spectrophotometer and an automated measurement method. SPA, TOS, and oxidative stress index (OSI) were significantly higher in patients with H. pylori positive than H. pylori negative NUD and healthy individuals (all ), whereas TAOC was significantly lower ( ). Nonsignificant, increased SPA ( value = 0.6083) and decreased TAOC ( value = 0.1186) were observed in patients with H. pylori negative NUD than healthy individuals, while increased TOS and OSI were significant ( ). Weak, nonsignificant correlations were observed between serum prolidase activity and TAOC, TOS, and OSI in H. pylori positive cases. Thus, increased SPA along with increased oxidative stress was observed, which seem to be closely associated with H. pylori infection. SPA and oxidative stress seem to be used as biomarkers for H. pylori infection in NUD. 1. Introduction In 1984, it was first reported that H. pylori, a gram negative, spiral shaped, microaerophilic bacterium that colonizes the stomach and is involved in the pathogenesis of duodenal ulceration, gastric cancer, gastric ulceration, and active chronic gastritis [1, 2]. Dyspepsia is a common term used for abdomen pain and complimented with other gastrointestinal symptoms. Nonulcer dyspepsia is characterized with as upper gastrointestinal symptoms of the patients. Nonulcer dyspepsia is also known as functional dyspepsia which found to be associated with H. pylori infection [3, 4]. H. pylori infection was found to be associated with gastric cancer, peptic ulcer, duodenal ulcer, gastric carcinoma [5–8], and so forth. Prolidase (EC 3.4.13.9), proline dipeptidase, degraded dipeptides with hydroxyproline or proline as c-terminal amino acid [9, 10]. It participates in collagen metabolism, cell growth, and matrix remodeling [11]. Its activity has been reported in leukocytes, erythrocytes, plasma, and the various organs such as brain, heart, kidney, uterus, thymus, and dermal fibroblasts. Prolidase activity has been reported in various disorders, like osteoarthritis, chronic liver disease, and osteoporosis [12–15]. H. pylori infection leads to
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