This study evaluates the efficacy of yeasts isolated from soil in the treatment of textile wastewater. Two yeast species were isolated from soil; they were identified as Candida zeylanoides and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The yeasts were inoculated into flask containing effluent and incubated for 15 days. Saccharomyces cerevisiae showed the most significant treatment capacity with a 66% reduction in BOD; this was followed closely by Candida zeylanoides with 57.3% reduction in BOD and a consortium of the two species showed the least remediation potential of 36.9%. The use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida zeylanoides in treatment of textile wastewater will help to limit the adverse environmental and health implications associated with disposal of untreated effluent into water bodies. 1. Introduction Water is required by many industries in great volume; however, a very small fraction is actually consumed, while the greater fraction is ultimately discharged as effluent. The textile industry generates large amount of this effluent during textile production processes such as grinning, spinning, and weaving for the production of bed spread, pillow case, polyester/cotton fabrics, and so on, which requires high volume of water that eventually results in high wastewater generation [1], the release of which poses serious health and environmental concern particularly in developing countries (Nigeria). Several methods have been used in the treatment of textile effluents in order to achieve decolorization; they include physiochemical methods such as filtration, specific coagulation, use of activated carbon, and chemical flocculation. Some of these methods are effective, that is, they have direct effective decolourization, but quite expensive with other regular operational problems such as low efficiency and inapplicability to a wide variety of dye [2, 3]. However, biological treatment offers a cheaper and more environmental friendly alternative. In most developing countries like Nigeria, most industries dispose their effluents without treatment. These industrial effluents have hazardous effects on water quality, habitat quality, and complex effects on flowing water [4]. In Nigeria, main contributors to the surface and ground water pollution are the by-products of various industries such as textile, metal, dying chemicals, fertilizers, pesticides, cement, petrochemical, energy and power, leather sugar processing, mining, and others. The discharge of industrial effluents, municipal sewage, and farm and urban wastes carried by drains and canals to rivers worsens
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