Malignant mediastinal teratoma is an undifferentiated mature teratoma, which is located in the mediastinum. In clinical, it is very rare in China. Such patients mainly had chest tightness, shortness of breath for space-occupying and oppression symptoms caused by adjacent organs as chief complaints. By image, it is hard to distinguish benign or malignant mediastinal teratoma, also not easy to identify with other recurrent tumors in mediastinum, such as thymoma and bronchial cyst. It can be well determined for tumor types by invasive examination (surgical excision or biopsy), pathology inspection. In 10 years, there are very few clinical reports about the mediastinal malignant teratoma in China, especially the malignant mediastinal teratoma with somatic cell type, which is of high malignant degree. Patients’ prognosis is poor with a short progression-free survival period. By reporting a case of malignant mediastinal teratoma with somatic cell type, we discuss the interdisciplinary treatment for such disease.
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