The study was aimed at assessing the prevalence of microvascular complications and associated risk factors in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a public tertiary care hospital. All the recruited patients underwent extensive examination for the presence of microvascular complications like neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy. Prevalence of any complication was 18.04%. Prevalence of neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy was found to be 8.2%, 9.5%, and 2.8%, respectively. Triglycerides (OR, 1.01; ) and old age (OR, 1.06; ) were significantly associated with any complication. Triglycerides were significantly associated with neuropathy (OR, 1.01; ) and retinopathy (OR, 1.01; ). Being male posed high risk for nephropathy (OR, 0.06; ). These results are suggesting need of regular screening for microvascular complications. 1. Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a global burden; about 382 million people are diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM) with an annual prevalence of 8.2% [1]. India is the second largest country in terms of DM burden with 65.1 million diagnosed cases [1]. T2DM is characterized by an asymptomatic phase between the actual onset of diabetic hyperglycemia and clinical diagnosis. The onset of T2DM is usually subtle and many years may elapse before diagnosis. This asymptomatic phase is estimated to last at least 4–7 years and consequently 30–50% patients may remain undiagnosed [2]. This becomes more imperative because of limited health resources and inadequate budget allocation to health. T2DM may actually be detected at the time of diagnosis of its complications. Microvascular complications from T2DM are common and evidence shows that early detection and identification of risk factors for retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy may delay or prevent the progression towards blindness, end-stage renal disease, and diabetic foot ulcers, respectively [3]. Long-standing untreated hyperglycemia is responsible for the relatively high prevalence of microvascular complications in newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus (NDDM) patients [2]. Presence of microvascular complications at the time of T2DM diagnosis are showing increasing trend in India. It is apparent that evidence on prevalence of T2DM related complications is essential for the adjustment of policies and practices in diabetic care management. Screening for microvascular complications in NDDM patients will have important implications for understanding the need of vigorous screening, effective prevention, and
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